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From Benzene to [3]Radialene: Topological Engineering of Pure Hydrocarbons for Long-Wavelength Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens

Due to the topological divergence between [3]radialene and benzene, hexaphenyl[3]radialene exhibits a dramatic bathochromic shift in emission (619 nm) with a Stokes shift >150 nm, which is distinct from its structural analogue hexaphenylbenzene. Our mechanistic analyses revealed the localized bond rearrangement and moderate short-range charge transfer, which lead to its long-wavelength emission and enhanced aggregation-induced emission character.