In recent years, while main-group elements from the s- and p-block have emerged in the field of N2 activation, silylenes─despite their remarkable successes in the activation of diverse small molecules─remain unreported for N2 activation. Herein, we design “silylene-borole” frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) by combining silylene moieties with boron components and conduct comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations to thoroughly investigate their potential for N2 activation.
Lithium-sulfur (Li‒S) batteries are regarded as highly promising next-generation energy storage technologies due to their high theoretical specific energy (2600 Wh kg–1), low cost, and the abundance of sulfur. However, their practical application is severely hindered by the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics, leading to rapid capacity degradation. The inherent electronic structure of CoSe2, employed as a catalyst, restricts its catalytic efficiency.
The capture of carbon dioxide is extremely important due to the increasingly severe greenhouse effect, and the conversion of dinitrogen into high-value N–C compounds is of great significance. Here, we predict through density functional theory calculations that the coupling of dinitrogen with carbon dioxide by methyleneborane becomes favorable both thermodynamically and kinetically. Machine learning analysis suggests that increasing the HOMO–LUMO gap or the charge on the boron atom or decreasing the charge of the nitrogen atom will reduce the reaction energies.
N2 adsorption on metal sites under mild conditions and its dependence on the chemical environment are crucial for understanding the fundamental mechanism and designing an efficient catalyst. Here, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) experiments reveal distinct differences in N2 binding capabilities among nickel complexes: both [(acetylacetonato)Ni]+ and [(benzoylacetonato)Ni]+ gas-phase cations exhibit high N2 adsorption efficiency, while the bare Ni+ and [(benzoylacetone)Ni(acetonitrile)]+ cations show negligible reactivity toward N2.
Aromaticity is one of the fundamental concepts in chemistry and generally brings additional thermodynamic stability to a compound. On the other hand, boron radicals have attracted increasing interest from both theoretical and experimental chemists due to their various applications. Here, we carry out density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explore the relationship between the (anti)aromaticity and stability of boron-centered radicals.
The first silylone-3d-metal complexes, LSiCu(NacNacM) (2) [L = 1,2-(RSi)2-1,2-C2B10H10, R = PhC(NtBu)2; NacNacM = HC(CMeNMes)2, Mes = 2,4,6-Me3-C6H2] and LSiNi(NacNacD) (3) [NacNacD = HC(CMeNDipp)2, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3], are reported, resulting from the reaction of the strongly σ-donating and chelating bis(silylenyl)-ortho-carborane silylone LSi0 with [(NacNacMCu)2benzene] and [(NacNacDNi)2toluene], respectively.
Activation of the aryl C–N bond underpins critical challenges in modern organic synthesis. Herein, the direct amination of anilines is presented via hypervalent iodine-mediated transient dearomatized phenolate intermediates, enabling selective C(aryl)–NH2 bond cleavage under mild conditions. A library of bioactive p-alkylaminophenols is synthesized in up to 85% yields within 3 h. Being used in late-stage drug diversification and mechanistic studies, this protocol offers a modular platform for complex amine construction.
Learning from nature has emerged as a promising strategy for catalyst development, wherein the remarkable performance of catalysts selected by nature over billions of years of evolution serves as a basis for the creative design of high-performance catalysts. Hydrogenases, with their exceptional catalytic activity in hydrogen oxidation and production, have been employed as prototypes for human learning to achieve better catalyst design. A comprehensive understanding of hydrogenases' structures and catalytic mechanisms is crucial to replicate and exceed their performance.
Although the carbene-catalyzed N2 fixation process had been investigated by scientists for decades prior to borylene species, the interest in the carbene-mediated N2 activation process has drawn less attention than that of borylene species in the past few years, especially unique σ0π2 carbenes. Herein, we demonstrate the important role of unique σ0π2 carbenes in the 1,1-hydroboration and bis-carbene functionalization of N2 using density functional theory calculations.
Solvent screening is pivotal in the optimization of reaction conditions for metal-catalyzed reactions. However, to date little is known about the role of solvent effects in driving in situ structural evolution of metal-containing species towards polynuclear organometallic cluster intermediates and determining their reactivity. We herein isolate two distinct thirteen-membered silver cluster isomers, Ag13-A and Ag13-M, in acetone and methanol, respectively.